Research Article
DOI : 10.61927/igmin33920 Apr, 2026
Malliavin Calculus as Stochastic Backpropagation for Gaussian Latent Models: A Variance-Optimal Hybrid Framework
We establish a rigorous connection between pathwise (reparameterization) and score-function (Malliavin) gradient estimators by showing that both arise from the Malliavin integration-by-parts identi...





